The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has raised its global growth forecast for 2025, projecting an uptick of 0.1 percentage point. According to the IMF’s latest World Economic Outlook, global growth is expected to reach 3.3% this year and remain steady at that level through 2026.
IMF Chief Economist Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas highlighted in a blog post that while the overall global outlook remains largely unchanged from the previous forecast in October, economic policy uncertainty has risen significantly, especially with many governments newly elected in 2024. He noted, “Divergences across countries are widening.”
Regional Growth Variances
The report underscored significant regional disparities in economic performance. In the United States, the IMF raised its 2025 growth projection by 0.5 percentage points to 2.7%, reflecting stronger-than-expected economic resilience.
Conversely, the Eurozone’s forecast was revised downward by 0.2 percentage points to just 1%, signaling slower recovery in the region. Emerging markets, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, offered a more optimistic outlook. The IMF expects growth in this region to rise to 4.2% in 2025, maintaining stability for emerging economies overall.
Inflation and Trade Challenges
Global inflation is forecasted to continue its decline, reaching 4.2% in 2025 and 3.5% by 2026. This downward trend, according to the IMF, will support the normalization of monetary policies, helping to resolve the economic disruptions of recent years.
However, the IMF has slightly lowered its global trade volume estimates, citing a sharp increase in trade policy uncertainty. Gourinchas cautioned against a resurgence of protectionist measures, such as new tariffs or non-tariff barriers, warning that these could amplify trade tensions, reduce market efficiency, and disrupt supply chains.
“Unilateral policies that distort competition—such as tariffs or subsidies—rarely improve domestic prospects durably,” Gourinchas stated.
The IMF’s updated projections come amid heightened political shifts, including the impending inauguration of US President-elect Donald Trump. Trump has indicated plans to impose a 10% tariff on global imports, a move that could escalate global trade disputes.
As the global economy navigates these challenges, the IMF emphasized the importance of collaborative economic strategies and policy stability to foster sustained growth.
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